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Explains how WebSocket connections are handled by proxies at Layer 4 (TCP) vs Layer 7 (HTTP), summarizing a lecture.

Understanding the right time to use threads in your applications: IO blocking, CPU-bound tasks, and handling large volumes of small jobs.

A clear guide to understanding proxies and reverse proxies, including use cases like caching, debugging, microservices, load balancing, and how they relate to real tools like NGINX and Fiddler.

A clear, personal overview of Nagle’s Algorithm, its role in TCP, why it causes unexpected delays, and why developers often disable it.

Key differences, pros and cons, and implementations of Layer 4 and Layer 7 load balancers in backend networking.

Lecture notes on using socket sharding (SO_REUSEPORT) for multiple listeners, acceptors, and readers on one port to improve scalability.

Lecture notes on using multiple accepter threads on a single listening socket, discussing how the OS handles accept calls and the trade-offs involved.

Lecture notes on backend idempotency: how to safely retry requests without duplicating actions, with examples and implementation tips.